CHILLOUT.
CHILLOUT
WHAT DO YOU THINK IT MEANS?
IS IT A PHRASAL VERB?
AN ANSWER HERE IN OUR NEXT POST
DON’T MISS IT OUT!
COME BACK, IF YOU LIKE, NEXT POST
DON’T MISS IT OUT!
@phrasal7verbs
ealonso@mesvilaweb.cat
CHILLOUT
WHAT DO YOU THINK IT MEANS?
IS IT A PHRASAL VERB?
AN ANSWER HERE IN OUR NEXT POST
DON’T MISS IT OUT!
COME BACK, IF YOU LIKE, NEXT POST
DON’T MISS IT OUT!
@phrasal7verbs
ealonso@mesvilaweb.cat
UP USES UP EXAMPLES
1. in an upward direction The smoke rose up
2. in an approaching direction The boy ran upo to us
3. completion They used the coal up
4. Emphasis Speak up! Hurry up!
To take up :
fill a particular amount of space or time
These files take a lot of of disk space
USE: completion
To turn up:
increase volume
Can you turn the volume up a bit?
USE: upward
To wake up:
stop sleeping
I woke up at 5 o’clock this morning
USE: emphasis
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— TO SET UP
— TO SHUT UP
UP USES UP EXAMPLES
1. in an upward direction The smoke rose up
2. in an appproaching direction The boy ran up to us
3. completion He used the coal up
4. emphasis Speak up! Hurry!
To tolerate
I can,t put it up with the heat in this country
USE: emphasis/idiomatic
To set up:
To start, to establish
At the end of the war, his father set up a small textile factory
USE : completion/metaphorical
To shut up:
To cause to stop talking
In this house we don’t tell another to shut up!
USE: emphasis
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handbook for helping ESL/EFL students to learn and get into the world of English Language Phrasal Verbs.
We think that this Approach to English Language Phrasal Verbs is possible by means of pictures and
mental images.
We’d like to call this way The English Language Rambla Arrow Way .
Why this name?
Just a moment, please.
the main verb.
Just as the arrow painted by Miró in the very centre of the Rambla of Barcelona,
leads an universe made of stars and colours, so the English Language Arrow Way will lead us to
learn and understand this verbs.
This understanding will help us to know and love the wonderful
English Language of Shakespeare
In some way, we face up to a Shakespearean dilemma:
“To speak or not to speak English Language”
manual pràctic que capaciti als estudiants de ESL/EFL (English as a second/foreign
language), entrar al món dels “Phrasals Verbs”
Pensem que aquesta aproximació és possible mitjançant l’ús d’imatges mentals i
dibuixos. A aquesta aproximació l’anomenem The Rambla Arrow Way.
direcció de la partícula que acompanya el verb principal.
De la mateixa manera que la fletxa pintada per Miró al bell mig de la Rambla,
mou
un univers fet d´estels i colors , així The Rambla Arrow Way ens portarà a
comprensió d´aquest verbs tan anglesos.
Aquesta comprensió ens ajudarà a conèixer i estimar aquesta meravellosa
llengua, que Shakespeare va fer universal.
En certa manera, ens trobem davant d’un dilema shakesperià:
To speak or not to speak English.
Exemples
.He enjoys swimming. .“ENJOY” requires a gerund
.He wants to swim. “WANT” requires an infinitive
1r TIP
Darrere d’alguns verbs , va el gerundi.
Exemples:
.She suggested going to a movie.
.Mary keeps talking about her problems.
Exemples:
. She wants to go a movie.
. Mary needs to talk about her problems
Com sabem què va en cada cas? Endevinar-ho? No és possible, ja que encara no han inventant boles de cristall per als phrasal verbs. Hem de consultar el diccionari.
Buscarem el verb principal, i observarem quina forma va darrere del verb principal.
1r.TIP
Sempre usaren el gerundi darrere d´una preposició
Exemple: Call us up, before arriving into València
Exemple: After winning the game, the local supporters went mad
Exemple: We love eating a nice paella on the beach.
Excepció: El condicional de Cortesia del To like. Would you like to have a cup of coffee?
3r. TIP
Sempre usarem el gerundi en les frases en català on fem servir l’infinitiu con a nom
Exemple: El llegir bé ajuda a aprendre millor.
Reading well helps to learn better
Exemple: El nedar és molt saludable.
Swimming is very healthy
4t.TIP
Usarem l’ infinitiu “TO DO” en aquelles frases que fan així:
Per a fer alguna cosa de bo.
To do something good
Comentari General:
Tant el gerundi com l’infinitiu es poden usar com subjecte o complement d’una frase. Com subjecte o complement, el gerundi sona més normal en l’Anglès parlat, mentre que l’ infinitiu sona més abstracte.
A les frases següents, el gerundi sona més natural i és molt més comú en l’Anglès de cada dia. L’ infinitiu emfatitza la possibilitat i el potencial d’alguna cosa i sona més filosòfic. Si això us resulta confús, només cal que recordeu que el 90% de les vegades usarem un gerundi com subjecte o complement d’una frase.
. Learning is important .NORMAL SUBJECT
.To learn is important. ABSTRACT SUBJECT – LESS COMMON
.The most important thing is learning NORMAL COMPLEMENT
The most important thing is to learn. ABSTRACT COMPLEMENT – LESS COMMON
— TO MAKE UP
— TO OWN UP
— TO PICK UP
UP USES UP EXAMPLES
1. in an upward direction The smoke rose up
2. in an approaching direction The boy run up to us
3. completion He used the coal up
4. emphasis Speak up! Hurry up!
To own up:
To admit you have done something bad or wrong
Because none of the students owned up to breaking the window, they all received
a detention
Use: UP completion.Metaphorical.
To pick up:
To lift someone or something up from a surface
She rushed to pick up the baby as soon as it started to leave
Use: UP upward
–TO KEEP UP
–TO LOOK UP
UP USES UP EXAMPLES
To keep up:
To move at the same speed as someone
Try to keep up!
Note: Emphasis
To look up:
To find the meaning of a word by looking in a book, list or computer
I didn´t know what “loquacious” meant and had to look it up in a dictionary
Note: completion
— TO DO UP
— TO GROW UP
— TO HANG UP
UP USES UP EXAMPLES
1. in an upward direction The smoke rose up
2. in an approaching direction The boy ran to us
3. completion He used the coal up
4. emphasis Speak up! Hurry up!
To grow up:
To change from being a young child to being an adult
She’s starting to grow now
Note:Upward/Completion
To hang up:
To stop using a telephone
Greg hung up and sat back in his chair
Note:Upward
— TO FILL UP
— TO GET UP
— TO GIVE UP
UP USES US EXAMPLES
1. in an upward direction The smoke rose up
2. in an approaching direction The boy ran to us
3. completion He used the coal up
4. emphasis Speak up! Hurry up!
To get up:
Llevar-se del llit
I don’t feel like getting up
No tinc ganes de llevar-me
Nota: UP upward
To give up:
Deixar de fer una cosa
We have had to give up snacking
Vam haver de deixar de picar entre àpats
Nota: UP Completion
— TO BRING UP
— TO CATCH UP
— TO CHEER UP
UP USES UP EXAMPLES
1.in an upward direction The smoke rose up
2.in an approaching direction The boy ran to us
3.completion He used the coal up
4.emphasis Speak up! Hurry up!
To catch up:
To reach or pass (someone or something) after following
Posar-se al dia , atrapar, assolir el nivell exigit.
If you don’t work harder, you will never catch up with your classmates
Si no treballes més durament, mai no atraparàs els teus companys
Note: UP Completion
To cheer up:
To make happier or more cheerful
Animar, alegrar
Cheer up son! I’m sure you will do better next time
Anima’t fill. Estic segur que la pròxima vegada ho faràs millor
SIN: To encourage
Note: UP Emphasis
UP four uses with examples
– Els quatre usos amb exemples de: UP
First approach to phrasal verbs
– Primera aproximació a un phrasal verb
We are going over four UP phrasal verbs from Top 100 List applying tips stated in previous posts
– Analitzarem quatre phrasal verbs amb UP de la llista top 100 tot aplicant allò
First step:
Look at the particle, where the arrow aims to, what meaning the verb has
Primer pas:
Mirar la partícula, quina direcció té la fletxa, després quin significat té el verb.
To be up to :
To be prepared for
Dependre d’ un mateix.
If it were up to me I would give more concessions to Catalonia
Si depengués de mi donaria més atribucions a Catalunya
Note: This verb refers to something that depens on us, our head, our mind. UP
indicates that decision comes from our head´s height
Nota: Aquest verb fa referència a allò que depèn de nosaltres, de la decisió del nostre cap, del nostre magí. UP indica que la decisió es pren des de l’ altura del nostre cap.
To blow up:
To explode
Fer explotar.
The old bridge was blown up because it was unsafe.
El pont vell va ser destruït perquè era insegur.
SIN.To destroy.
Note: Up here can have two uses: upward and completion
Nota: Aquí UP pot tenir dos usos: un d’enlairament i el de “completion”
To break up:
To separate into pieces
Esmicolar, trencar a trossets.
Little Paul likes to break up his biscuits into his milk
Al Pauet li agrada d’esmicolar les galetes a la llet.
Note: Completion
Amb els dos Business phrasal verbs que revisem avui s’acaba la sèrie de 10 Business phrasal verbs:
TO GO OVER AND TO STICK TO:
To go over .
To go over something means to examine it very carefully
Let’s go over the whole project and see how it can be improved
“Over” use here shows “completion” and direction arrow shows that examining action goes fron beginning to the end, from a A point to a B point.
L’ ús d’ “over” és el de “completion” i la fletxa de direcció mostra que l’ acció de la revisió va des d’el principi fins al final, d’ extrem a extrem, d’un punt A a un punt B.
“to” has no direction arrow, therefore no mmental image to REPRESENT movement & direction
“to” no té fletxa de direcció, per tant aquí no tenim imatge mental a REPRESENTAR.
LET’S STICK TO PHRASAL VERBS’ ARROW WAY !!!
Avui els dos phrasal verbs dels quals parlarem són:
TO COME ALONG AND TO SET ASIDE
To come along: to come along means to make progress.
How is the report coming along?
Along is an adverbial and particle with the meaning of “forward motion”
Along és un adverbi i partícula que té un significat de” forward motion” “tirar endavant” podria ser una traducció.
A lot of resources should be put aside for this project
Note: Aside is a preposition indicating neither movement nor direction. To set means to put something in a particular place
Nota: Aside és una preposició que no indica ni moviment ni direcció. Per tant, aquí no podrem construir una imatge mental. To set vol dir posar en una posició específica i aside vol dir en un costat.